MOSCOW, November 25. Russia in January-October this year the import of manufactured goods by almost 40%, the physical volume of exports increased by almost 6%, said the head of Ministry of industry and trade Denis Manturov at the meeting of the Council of Federation last week. This is facilitated by the interaction of government and business in the framework of the program of import substitution. According to Manturov, in important fields, including in the defense industry, the implementation programs will need two to three years. Moreover, three years will be spent on the substitution of very sophisticated equipment.
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The President of Russia Vladimir Putin will hold Wednesday in Nizhni Tagil the state Council Presidium meeting of the Russian Federation, which will discuss the implementation of the state policy in the sphere of import substitution in Russia.
Russia has already managed to completely eliminate imported components for production equipment for the defense industry. In particular, “Uralvagonzavod” could significantly reduce the volumes of supplies from abroad, including in the Urals has been able to find a replacement for Ukrainian thermal sensors for the tanks. Now the company is the Omsk. Succeeded in import substitution enterprises of civil industries, working with companies in the energy sector, agriculture, machine-building holdings. Almost all projects aimed at import substitution receiving state aid, special emphasis is the Ministry doing on the projects that create new production skills. There are currently 20 industry plans importozameschenie, including more than 2.2 thousand of the priority technology areas.
“Import substitution is not a panacea”
Russian officials were confident that the problems with import substitution in the country and the need to revive domestic industry and technology will only give impetus to industrial growth. “The result of our conversation with industry: possible sanctions will make it work better, pursuing an active policy of import substitution,” – wrote Russian Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin in his Twitter a year and a half ago.
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Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev noted that domestic producers are capable to do many of the goods imported into Russia. “The global economy, global technology evolves, but many things that we buy, we are able to do it themselves,” said the Prime Minister.
But the President stressed that the import substitution should be implemented only in those areas where this will give additional impetus to development. “Import substitution is not a panacea, we are not going to substitute all imports: it is pointless and silly,” said the President, speaking at the business forum “Business Russia” in may 2014.
According to officials, to import the most sophisticated equipment it will take Russia up to three years. “We don’t have any fears, drum in connection with the substitution, – said Rogozin. – Something we will spend days on something weeks something months, something years. But these years will be a little. According to our calculations, the most difficult position on import substitution with Ukraine – we spend on these tasks 2.5 to a maximum of 3 years”. He talked about the substitution of complex gas turbine units and engines that will require supporting documentation.
To replace Ukrainian components for the defence industry of the Russian Federation will be able to 2018
Serial production of gas turbine equipment according to the program of import substitution Ukrainian components Russia will be released in 2018. By the same date, the holding company Ruselectronics is planning to launch production of 90% of electronic components for military and civilian satellites in Russia. But the “Helicopters of Russia” by the middle of 2015, implemented its programme of import substitution of about 70%.
For three years it was planned to meet in the development of domestic software, which in a number of segments comparison with their Western counterparts. “We believe that in most areas (software) it is possible to arrange the substitution within three years, by major, at least,” – said the Chairman of the Duma Committee on Informatica Leonid Levin.
Domestic gear for military
Along with the production of domestic electronic component base for the Russian satellites, gas turbine equipment and other components and equipment for the defense industry of the Russian military planned to dress in our gear. “Rostechnologii” and Chemcomposite in the framework of the program of import substitution’re going to produce domestic polyethylene used in promising military equipment “Ratnik”. Now it is produced from imported polyethylene.
Domestic equipment, according to its chief designer, weighs up to 5 kilograms, the armour provides protection against a shot from a pistol “Stechkin” in the blank. In this case, breast protective plate fighter can be removed and used as a small shield. Work is underway on the helmet of the “Warrior”, which is also planned to make importozameschenie polyethylene, increasing the degree of protection and reduce weight in 1,5 times in comparison with the current kilogram.
UVZ was replaced by the Ukrainian components Omsk
UVZ is a Russian Corporation engaged in the development and production of military equipment, road-building machines, railway wagons. And its products are recognized priority in the field of import substitution. In 2015, the factory managed to refuse from imported components – Omsk scientific-production enterprise “Etalon” put UVZ this summer the first batch of heat sensors for the tanks instead of Ukrainian.
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Also this year UVZ has managed to expand the geography of supply of its products, including the expense of getting overseas orders. However, it was rather a forced measure in the framework of implementation of the plant conservation programme of the workforce.
“Today the Corporation is actively looking for the download enterprises, including foreign contracts are concluded. In particular, signed a contract for the construction of 14 thousand cars with Azerbaijan, about 3 thousand cars this year”, – informed Deputy General Director of the enterprise Alexey Zharich.
Subsidiary of UVZ, “Yurga engineering plant” (Urmas), also works on import substitution – the company sells a range of domestic projects in the coal industry. “The first project is the manufacture of powered roof support for thin seams (a construction to prevent the collapse of rocks in mine workings), which were previously only foreign production. The second project, with solutions comparable to the best foreign analogues, – mining combine in various modifications,” – said General Director of factory Alexey Samokhin.
Import substitution for gas and diamonds
Special attention was paid to import substitution in the energy sector, especially the creation of equipment for oil and gas, including in the Arctic – a region prospective for hydrocarbons. Russian institutes and industrial enterprises have reacted to it quickly and immediately presented his equipment to Omsk in 2014 suggested that oil and gas companies more than 180 species of knowledge-intensive and import-substituting products. And in the fall of 2015 Omsk NPO “the World” has signed with “Arktikgaz” the contract for the supply of software and hardware complexes for automated control systems, capable of replacing expensive versions of the American company GE Intelligent Platforms, Siemens German, French Simatic, Schneider and MicroSCADA. Omsk enterprise “Sibvpkneftegaz” suggested “Gazprom” not having analogues in the world a platform on an air cushion lifting capacity of 60 tons for use in remote areas of the far North.
Orenburg drilling equipment plant in 2016 will begin serial production underground drilling rigs for gold mining companies. First importozameschenie the installation was tested at the field ALROSA, as a result it was noted that the technical characteristics of the Orenburg outperforms the canadian and Swedish production.
Bashkiria importantit 95% of the equipment of neftekhimindustria
The enterprises of Bashkiria are able to provide import substitution 95% of the existing in the Russian companies of equipment for drilling, exploration and refining. “You can count about 40-50 narrow areas of the industry, where our businesses can compete with Western products, said Vice-Premier of the government of the Republic Dmitry Sharonov. From geologischen, exploration and drilling to processing to petrochemical region is able to close about 95% of the total market and the remaining 5% is five or six companions from other regions of Russia.
The head of Bashkortostan in the framework of the program of import substitution was proposed to create at the enterprises of Ishimbay and Sterlitamac, Salavat (all of them are located in Kazakhstan) government holding of a catalyst for the domestic production of catalysts of all Russian petrochemical industry.
Tatarstan in the framework of import substitution program launched at “Nizhnekamskneftekhim” fourth line for the production of polystyrene annual capacity of 50 thousand tons. Line will produce 13 types of polystyrene, which in Russia was not made.
Kaluga power to “AVTOVAZ”
The substitution of electronic systems and components even two years after the beginning of the discussion of the problem of import substitution remains very relevant for the Russian car industry. “AvtoVAZ” has yet to be achieved announced this year plans to increase the share of localization of production of LADA cars up to 90% – the level of localization in an average of 81%.
In 2015, the Russian car manufacturer within the framework of import substitution has increased the share of Russian purchases of steel and glass, but the plant had to increase the share of imports in electronics. According to the head of the company Bo Andersson, one of the important goals of “AVTOVAZ” is to improve the localization of LADA Vesta.
The first steps to increase the localization of production of LADA Vesta will be taken next year: Kaluga enterprise “Electronics” along with the Japanese company plans next year to start production of electrical steering for the new LADA Vesta. In the project LADA Vesta “nominated Japanese company NSK, the “Electronics” in parallel proposed to make the development of alternative electric power steering,” said the Deputy General Director of factory Vladimir Misevich. “We are now at the stage of manufacturing of model samples and assessment tests. Plan by the end of first – beginning of second quarter of 2016 to reach the end of the acceptance tests and mid-year to start a new project LADA Vesta, he explained.
Import substitution in agriculture exceeded 80%
One of the most active segments of the Russian economy in the implementation of the import substitution program was the agro-industrial complex. “We have the fastest developing agriculture, agribusiness, the growth rate is greatest and the greatest level of self-sufficiency compared to other industries, we already exceed 80% and are very close to 90%,” – said Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich in may.
In the future, according to Dvorkovich, actively import substitution should be: chemical industry, aerospace, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology. Speaking about the development of these industries, he noted that “it will take several years to reach the planned indicators”. “We soberly assess their strength,” he said.
